PLASTIC WASTE FOR ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION A CASE STUDY IN NIGERIA

Olaide Monsor Aderoju; Ali Bamidele Oke; Ganiy Ishola Agbaje; António Guerner Dias

doi:10.5585/geas.v8i3.15778

Autores

Olaide Monsor Aderoju Universidade Nove de Julho
Ali Bamidele Oke
Ganiy Ishola Agbaje
António Guerner Dias

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/geas.v8i3.15778

Palavras-chave:

Incineração, Resíduos sólidos urbanos, Resíduos para a produção de energia, Resíduos plásticos, Potencial de geração elétrica.

Resumo

Um dos grandes problemas da Nigéria, na atualidade, é a grande quantidade de resíduos plásticos que são produzidos nas suas principais cidades. Os resíduos plásticos têm sido uma ameaça para os arredores daquelas cidades (em particular sobre o solo e sobre a água) e contribuem para desastres de inundação e outros eventos de degradação ambiental que conduzem a sérios riscos para a saúde humana. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial dos resíduos plásticos produzidos na Nigéria para a geração de energia elétrica. O estudo desenvolvido baseia-se em duas estratégias (uma abordagem baseada em incentivos e no princípio da Responsabilidade Estendida do Produtor (REP)) para a coleta de resíduos plásticos no meio ambiente. O foco deste trabalho está na incineração de resíduos plásticos com recuperação da energia produzida. Assim, foram realizadas análises imediata e elementar para determinar o Poder Calorífico Superior (PCS) e o Poder Calorífico Inferior (PCI), bem como estimar o Potencial de Geração de Energia (PGE). Os resultados empíricos mostram que o PCS foi avaliado em 568.96 kcal/kg e o PCI foi avaliado em 561.55 kcal/kg. Adicionalmente, foi determinado o Potencial de Geração de Energia (PGE) usando 100 toneladas de resíduos plásticos e 4.83 milhões de toneladas (81% de plásticos manuseados inadequadamente) obtendo-se, respetivamente, 0.6 MW e 29.0 MW. Este estudo contribui para a literatura como uma visão geral de gestão de resíduos na Nigéria, focando-se nos problemas relacionados com os resíduos plásticos. Além disso, o conceito proporciona uma solução sustentável para esta tipologia de resíduos que afeta particularmente a envolvente das grandes cidades. Além disso, é provável que seja uma solução sustentável para a acumulação de resíduos plásticos no meio ambiente e uma solução suplementar para a produção de energia elétrica.

Os resultados mostram que a quantidade de resíduos plásticos produzidos na Nigéria, provavelmente, gerará eletricidade suficiente para complementar as fontes tradicionais de produção de eletricidade.

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