Estimativa do torque muscular de extensores do joelho de idosos baseado em testes de desempenho físico funcional

Keuly Garcia da Silva; Lucas Bet da Rosa Orssatto; Iris Natália Mendonça Barros; Kayth Sousa Nascimento; Inês Amanda Streit; Ewertton de Souza Bezerra

doi:10.5585/conssaude.v19n1.18247

Authors

Keuly Garcia da Silva Laboratório de Estudos do Desempenho Humano, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM. Projeto de Atividade Física para Idosos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-4148
Lucas Bet da Rosa Orssatto School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3788-3700
Iris Natália Mendonça Barros Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus-AM. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5041-4381
Kayth Sousa Nascimento Projeto de Atividade Física para Idosos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5013-7625
Inês Amanda Streit Projeto de Atividade Física para Idosos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-8746
Ewertton de Souza Bezerra Laboratório de Estudos do Desempenho Humano, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM. Projeto de Atividade Física para Idosos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Manaus-AM. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-1715

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v19n1.18247

Keywords:

Aging, Muscle, skeletal, Muscle strength dynamometer

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify which clinical strength assessment methods and physical functional performance tests are correlated with the isometric and dynamic peak torque of the knee extensors, and to develop predictive equations that estimate the isometric and dynamic peak torque in elderly people.
Methods: Forty-nine subjects (≥ 60 years old) of both sexes were selected. The peak isometric torque (PTISO) and concentric dynamic torque (PTCON) of the knee joint extensors on the preferred limb was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer on the first day of assessment. Forty-eight hours later the unilateral maximum strength test (1-RM) of the preferred limb was performed on the leg extension exercise, followed by the upper limb power test with a 2 kg medicine ball (ABM-2). On the third day, the dynamic balance test (time up and go), the ability to climb and descend stairs (separately) were evaluated, with these three tests a functional index (IFUNC) was built.
Results: The main results demonstrated that the IFUNC does not predict improvement in the peak knee extensor torque (p> 0.05). Against the initial hypothesis which improves the performance of peak torque, so much isometric and dynamic, would have a direct response to functional performance.
Conclusion: The measures of maximum strength for the lower limb (leg extension, 1-RM) and power of the upper limb (throwing the medicine ball 2-kg) when associated explain more than 60% (p <0.05) changes on performance in the isometric and dynamic strength of knee extensors of untrained elderly.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Enoka RM. Morphological features and activation patterns of motor units. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1995;12(6):538–59.

Orssatto LB da R, Wiest MJ, Diefenthaeler F. Neural and musculotendinous mechanisms underpinning age-related force reductions. Mech Ageing Dev . 2018;175:17–23.

Raj IS, Bird SR, Shield AJ. Aging and the force–velocity relationship of muscles. Exp Gerontol. 2010 Feb;45(2):81–90.

Lindle RS, Metter EJ, Lynch NA, Fleg JL, Fozard JL, Tobin J, et al. Age and gender comparisons of muscle strength in 654 women and men aged 20–93 yr. J Appl Physiol . 1997;83(5):1581–7.

Reid KF, Fielding RA. Skeletal muscle power: a critical determinant of physical functioning in older adults. Exerc Sport Sci Rev . 2012 ;40(1):4–12.

Hunter SK, Pereira HM, Keenan KG. The aging neuromuscular system and motor performance. J Appl Physiol (Bethesda, Md 1985) . 2016 ;121(4):982–95.

Pion CH, Barbat-Artigas S, St-Jean-Pelletier F, Chevalier S, Gaudreau P, Gouspillou G, et al. Muscle strength and force development in high- and low-functioning elderly men: Influence of muscular and neural factors. Exp Gerontol . 2017;96:19–28. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28579089/

Miles J, Shevlin M. Applying regression and correlation : a guide for students and researchers. Sage Publications; 2001. 253 p.

Elias LJ, Bryden MP, Bulman-Fleming MB. Footedness is a better predictor than is handedness of emotional lateralization. Neuropsychologia. 1998;36(1):37–43.

Orssatto LB da R, Bezerra E de S, Moura BM de, de Castro JAC, Silva DAS, Moro ARP, et al. Estimating bone mineral content based on different types of muscle strength tests. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018;22(3):586–91.

Orssatto LB da R, Moura BM De, Sakugawa RL, Radaelli R, Diefenthaeler F. Leg press exercise can reduce functional hamstring:quadriceps ratio in the elderly. J Bodyw Mov Ther . 2018;22(3):592–7.

Lima AB, de Souza Bezerra E, da Rosa Orssatto LB, de Paiva Vieira E, Picanço LAA, Dos Santos JOL. Functional resistance training can increase strength, knee torque ratio, and functional performance in elderly women. J Exerc Rehabil . 2018 Aug;14(4):654–9.

Brown LE, Weir JP. ASEP procedures recommendation I: Accurate assessment of muscular strength and power. J Exerc Physiol Online. 2001;4(3):1–21.

Pereira A, Izquierdo M, Silva AJ, Costa AM, González-Badillo JJ, Marques MC. Muscle performance and functional capacity retention in older women after high-speed power training cessation. Exp Gerontol. 2012;47(8):620–4.

Butler AA, Menant JC, Tiedemann AC, Lord SR. Age and gender differences in seven tests of functional mobility. J Neuroeng Rehabil . 2009 Jul 30;6(6):31.

Rikli RE, Jones CJ. Development and validation of criterion-referenced clinically relevant fitness standards for maintaining physical independence in later years. Gerontologist. 2013;53(2):255–67.

Bennell K, Dobson F, Hinman R. Measures of physical performance assessments: Self-Paced Walk Test (SPWT), Stair Climb Test (SCT), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Chair Stand Test (CST), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Sock Test, Lift and Carry Test (LCT), and Car Task. Arthritis Care Res. 2011;63(SUPPL. 11):350–70.

Silva ME da, Orssatto LB da R, Bezerra E de S, Silva DAS, Moura BM de, Diefenthaeler F, et al. Reducing measurement errors during functional capacity tests in elders. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017;In Press(0):0.

Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. L. Erlbaum Associates; 1988. 567 p.

Escamilla, RF.; Fleisig, GS.; Zheng, N; Barrentine, SW.; Wilk, KE.; Andrews JR. Biomechanics of the Knee during Closed Kinetic Chain and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 1998;30(4):556–69.

Akima H, Saito A. Activation of quadriceps femoris including vastus intermedius during fatiguing dynamic knee extensions. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013;113(11):2829–40.

Da Silva, EM, Brentano, MA, Cadore, EL, De Almeida, APV, and Kruel L. Analysis of muscle activation during different leg press exercises at submaximum effort levels. Jounal Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(4):1059–65.

Wilk KE, Escamilla RF, Fleisig GS, Barrentine SW, Andrews JR, Boyd ML. A comparison of tibiofemoral joint forces and electromyographic activity during open and closed kinetic chain exercises. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24(4):518–27.

Bezerra E de S, Orssatto LB da R, de Moura BM, Willardson JM, Simão R, Moro ARP. Mixed Session Periodization as a New Approach for Strength, Power, Functional Performance, and Body Composition Enhancement in Aging Adults. J strength Cond Res . 2018;32(10):2795–806.

da Rosa Orssatto LB, de Moura BM, de Souza Bezerra E, Andersen LL, de Oliveira SN, Diefenthaeler F. Influence of strength training intensity on subsequent recovery in elderly. Exp Gerontol . 2018;106:232–9.

Moura BM, Sakugawa RL, Orssatto LBR, de Lima LAP, Pinto RS, Walker S, et al. Functional capacity improves in-line with neuromuscular performance after 12 weeks of non-linear periodization strength training in the elderly. Aging Clin Exp Res . 2018;30(8):959–68.

Serra MM, Alonso AC, Peterson M, Mochizuki L, Greve JMD, Garcez-Leme LE. Balance and Muscle Strength in Elderly Women Who Dance Samba. PLoS One . 2016;11(12):e0166105.

Chiles Shaffer N, Fabbri E, Ferrucci L, Shardell M, Simonsick EM, Studenski S. Muscle Quality, Strength, and Lower Extremity Physical Performance in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. J frailty Aging . 2017;6(4):183–7.

Alonso AC, Ribeiro SM, Luna NMS, Peterson MD, Bocalini DS, Serra MM, et al. Association between handgrip strength, balance, and knee flexion/extension strength in older adults. PLoS One . 2018;13(6):e0198185.

Chan OYA, van Houwelingen AH, Gussekloo J, Blom JW, den Elzen WPJ. Comparison of quadriceps strength and handgrip strength in their association with health outcomes in older adults in primary care. Age (Omaha) . 2014; 36(5):9714.

Harris C, Wattles AP, Debeliso M, Sevene-Adams PG, Berning JM, Adams KJ. The seated medicine ball throw as a test of upper body power in older adults. J Strength Cond Res . 2011; 25(8):2344–8.