Desarrollo Floss y gobernanza de pares: el caso del entorno de escritorio Gnome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v8i3.17114Palabras clave:
Floss, Desarrollo de software, Comunidad, Ecosistema, Governance.Resumen
Objetivo del estudio: El artículo analiza el caso de GNOME, uno de los proyectos Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) más populares, iniciado en 1997. El concepto de gobernanza de pares describe la interacción y convergencia de empresas, fundaciones, usuarios voluntarios y profesionales en su desarrollo.
Metodología/ enfoque: La investigación se basa en el método documental y un abordaje de historia organizacional. Para ello se recopilaron fuentes primarias y secundarias digitales: sitios institucionales y FLOSS, blogs, listas de comunidad, documentos y plataformas.
Originalidad/ Relevancia: El trabajo permite avanzar, desde una perspectiva sociotécnica, en la comprensión de los desarrollos FLOSS y la coevolución de sus componentes técnicos y dinámicas comunitarias.
Resultados principales: Se identifican tres niveles de gobernanza: 1. el software propiamente dicho; 2. la comunidad; 3. el ecosistema. Se analizan ciclos de desarrollo; participación y organización comunitaria; actores y modelos de negocio, definiciones y controversias. La trayectoria de GNOME está marcada por la confluencia de intereses y coopetición entre actores corporativos y el ecosistema FLOSS. El ciclo de vida muestra una actividad constante, que implica redefinición de sus componentes, infraestructura tecnológica y liderazgos. Ella no exenta de controversias y bifurcaciones, similares a las evidenciadas en proyectos de este tipo.
Contribuciones teóricas/ metodológicas: Se aporta al concepto de gobernanza de pares y su utilidad para el análisis de casos. Se promueve la reflexión sobre fuentes de datos y recursos de la investigación en Internet.
Contribuciones sociales/ gerenciales: Se contribuye a la comprensión de nuevas formas de gestión y toma de decisión en proyectos de desarrollo tecnológico.
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