Competências coletivas nos projetos da área de tecnologia da informação: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5585/gep.v14i1.22933Palavras-chave:
Competência coletiva, Competência relacional, Eficácia coletiva, Projetos de tecnologia da informação, Revisão sistemática da literaturaResumo
Diferentes estudos consideram as competências como fatores críticos de sucesso nas empresas ao buscar pela vantagem competitiva sustentável. Posto que muitos projetos de tecnologia da informação falham devido à falta de competências coletivas, considera-se que os resultados da empresa dependem de atividades das equipes distribuídas entre os níveis estratégicos e operacionais. Assim como a criação de metas coletivas de negócios é uma condição para melhorar o resultado de mercado e lucratividade da empresa, logo busca-se por um reconhecimento mais abrangente do estado atual sobre as competências do grupo. Esta revisão sistemática da literatura objetivou identificar as características das competências coletivas nos projetos da área de tecnologia da informação para analisar tendências sobre o tema, elementos-chave e lacunas para apoio em pesquisas futuras. Foram analisados estudos na base de dados Scopus, publicados entre 2009 e 2022 resultando em um corpus de 72 trabalhos. Os resultados deste estudo teórico evidenciaram uma profundidade no conceito das competências coletivas traduzidas em 58 características, distribuídas entre 06 categorias identificadas: competências individuais, equipes, gestão de pessoas, visão estratégica, organização e tecnologia. Para entendimento do estado da arte e contribuir à discussão é apresentada uma revisão geral dos principais assuntos das produções arroladas em uma linha do tempo. Este trabalho contribui com a comunidade acadêmica identificando e categorização das competências coletivas nos projetos da área de tecnologia da informação, auxilia as áreas gestoras de recursos humanos e de tecnologia da informação das organizações na identificação, aplicação e monitoramento das competências coletivas para entregas de projetos mais eficientes.
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